Family Language Policy: A Multi-level Investigation of Multilingual Practices in Transnational Families

A national survey

Dear participants,

We are a team of researchers who study how different UK families deal with languages, English as well as other languages. We want to find out how current social and political changes influence the way you think about and handle the language(s) in your everyday life. We sincerely hope that you can spend 20 minutes to fill in the survey. Your responses will give us valuable information needed to improve education of children and enhance social cohesion of our society.

We invite all types of families with children to take part, whatever your language background. All your answers will be kept confidential and used only for research purposes in this study. Your personal identity will not be disclosed in any way.

The survey should be filled in by a parent, a legal guardian, or a responsible adult in the family, and your answers should be about yourself and your first (or only) child.

Thank you very much!

Best wishes,

Prof. Xiao Lan Curdt-Christiansen, Prof. Li Wei, Prof. Zhu Hua,
Dr. Jing Huang, Ms Sahra Abdullahi, and Dr. Kinga Kozminska

For more information about the project please visit our website:

https://familylanguagepoli.wixsite.com/familylanguagepolicy

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* 1. Your age group

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* 2. Your gender

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* 3. Your (first) child's age

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* 4. At what age did your (first) child arrive in the UK?

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* 5. The type of family in which you live now

Parents + child(ren)

Parents + child(ren) no longer living at home

Parents + grandparents + child(ren)

Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transgender parent(s) + child(ren)

Single parent + child(ren)

Parents + fostered/adopted child(ren)

Responsible adults (e.g. a legal guardian) + child(ren)

Other

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* 6. Your role in the family

Father

Mother

Legal guardian

Uncle

Aunt

Child-carer/Nanny

Other than above(please specify)

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* 7. Your length of residence in the UK

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* 8. Your highest educational qualification

No formal education

Primary school

Secondary school (e.g. GCSE)

High school ( e.g. A-Level)

Vocational or training school/college

Bachelor's degree

Master's degree

Doctoral degree

Other than above (please specify)

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* 9. Your current employment status

Self-employed

Full-time paid job

Part-time paid job

Unpaid volunteering/social service job

Unemployed/job seeking

Retired

Housekeeping/childcare

Full-time student/trainee

Other than above (please specify)

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* 10. If you are employed, what is your (main) job?

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* 11. The first part of your UK address postcode (e.g. BA2, WC1A)

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* 12. Your ethnicity

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* 13. Your first language(s)

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* 14. Your religion

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* 15. Your nationality/ies

	Your 1st nationality	Your 2nd nationality
Please select	Please select Your 1st nationality menu	Please select Your 2nd nationality menu

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* 16. Your country of birth

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* 17. Your partner's first language(s)

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* 18. Languages used in your family

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* 19. What languages do you use at home in the following situations?

	Please choose one from the following options
Read news online	Read news online Please choose one from the following options menu
Watch TV	Watch TV Please choose one from the following options menu
Listen to radio	Listen to radio Please choose one from the following options menu
Listen to songs	Listen to songs Please choose one from the following options menu
Read books	Read books Please choose one from the following options menu
Write shopping lists	Write shopping lists Please choose one from the following options menu
Help with your child's school homework	Help with your child's school homework Please choose one from the following options menu
Meal time conversation	Meal time conversation Please choose one from the following options menu

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* 20. What languages are used among your family members?

	Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.)	Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.)
Between you and your partner	Between you and your partner Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	Between you and your partner Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu
You to child	You to child Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	You to child Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu
Your partner to child	Your partner to child Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	Your partner to child Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu
Child to you	Child to you Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	Child to you Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu
Child to your partner	Child to your partner Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	Child to your partner Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu
Child to siblings	Child to siblings Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	Child to siblings Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu
Child to paternal grandparents	Child to paternal grandparents Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	Child to paternal grandparents Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu
Child to maternal grandparents	Child to maternal grandparents Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	Child to maternal grandparents Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu
Paternal grandparents to child	Paternal grandparents to child Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	Paternal grandparents to child Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu
Maternal grandparents to child	Maternal grandparents to child Speaking (including face-to-face talk, video chats, phone calls, etc.) menu	Maternal grandparents to child Writing (including text messages, social media messages, emails, letters, cards, etc.) menu

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* 21. What do you think about the following statements?

	Strongly disagree	Disagree	Neutral	Agree	Strongly agree
It is disadvantageous for a child if only the non-English home language(s) are used at home.	It is disadvantageous for a child if only the non-English home language(s) are used at home. Strongly disagree	It is disadvantageous for a child if only the non-English home language(s) are used at home. Disagree	It is disadvantageous for a child if only the non-English home language(s) are used at home. Neutral	It is disadvantageous for a child if only the non-English home language(s) are used at home. Agree	It is disadvantageous for a child if only the non-English home language(s) are used at home. Strongly agree
A child's sense of belonging can only be maintained if she/he understands the language of the culture.	A child's sense of belonging can only be maintained if she/he understands the language of the culture. Strongly disagree	A child's sense of belonging can only be maintained if she/he understands the language of the culture. Disagree	A child's sense of belonging can only be maintained if she/he understands the language of the culture. Neutral	A child's sense of belonging can only be maintained if she/he understands the language of the culture. Agree	A child's sense of belonging can only be maintained if she/he understands the language of the culture. Strongly agree
Speaking the non-English home language(s) may play a negative role in a child's ability to master English.	Speaking the non-English home language(s) may play a negative role in a child's ability to master English. Strongly disagree	Speaking the non-English home language(s) may play a negative role in a child's ability to master English. Disagree	Speaking the non-English home language(s) may play a negative role in a child's ability to master English. Neutral	Speaking the non-English home language(s) may play a negative role in a child's ability to master English. Agree	Speaking the non-English home language(s) may play a negative role in a child's ability to master English. Strongly agree
Speaking two or more languages confuses a child.	Speaking two or more languages confuses a child. Strongly disagree	Speaking two or more languages confuses a child. Disagree	Speaking two or more languages confuses a child. Neutral	Speaking two or more languages confuses a child. Agree	Speaking two or more languages confuses a child. Strongly agree
It is important to speak mostly English with a child from a young age when living in the UK.	It is important to speak mostly English with a child from a young age when living in the UK. Strongly disagree	It is important to speak mostly English with a child from a young age when living in the UK. Disagree	It is important to speak mostly English with a child from a young age when living in the UK. Neutral	It is important to speak mostly English with a child from a young age when living in the UK. Agree	It is important to speak mostly English with a child from a young age when living in the UK. Strongly agree
Being bi/multilingual benefits a child's academic performance.	Being bi/multilingual benefits a child's academic performance. Strongly disagree	Being bi/multilingual benefits a child's academic performance. Disagree	Being bi/multilingual benefits a child's academic performance. Neutral	Being bi/multilingual benefits a child's academic performance. Agree	Being bi/multilingual benefits a child's academic performance. Strongly agree
Being bi/multilingual is beneficial for the future of a child's career.	Being bi/multilingual is beneficial for the future of a child's career. Strongly disagree	Being bi/multilingual is beneficial for the future of a child's career. Disagree	Being bi/multilingual is beneficial for the future of a child's career. Neutral	Being bi/multilingual is beneficial for the future of a child's career. Agree	Being bi/multilingual is beneficial for the future of a child's career. Strongly agree
Reading and writing in two or more languages at home is essential for a bi/multilingual child.	Reading and writing in two or more languages at home is essential for a bi/multilingual child. Strongly disagree	Reading and writing in two or more languages at home is essential for a bi/multilingual child. Disagree	Reading and writing in two or more languages at home is essential for a bi/multilingual child. Neutral	Reading and writing in two or more languages at home is essential for a bi/multilingual child. Agree	Reading and writing in two or more languages at home is essential for a bi/multilingual child. Strongly agree
A child's ability to read and write in two or more languages plays a positive role in his/her academic development.	A child's ability to read and write in two or more languages plays a positive role in his/her academic development. Strongly disagree	A child's ability to read and write in two or more languages plays a positive role in his/her academic development. Disagree	A child's ability to read and write in two or more languages plays a positive role in his/her academic development. Neutral	A child's ability to read and write in two or more languages plays a positive role in his/her academic development. Agree	A child's ability to read and write in two or more languages plays a positive role in his/her academic development. Strongly agree
Learning non-English home language(s) is a private matter that should be done only at home.	Learning non-English home language(s) is a private matter that should be done only at home. Strongly disagree	Learning non-English home language(s) is a private matter that should be done only at home. Disagree	Learning non-English home language(s) is a private matter that should be done only at home. Neutral	Learning non-English home language(s) is a private matter that should be done only at home. Agree	Learning non-English home language(s) is a private matter that should be done only at home. Strongly agree
It is beneficial for a child to attend a community/heritage language/complementary school to learn the non-English home language(s).	It is beneficial for a child to attend a community/heritage language/complementary school to learn the non-English home language(s). Strongly disagree	It is beneficial for a child to attend a community/heritage language/complementary school to learn the non-English home language(s). Disagree	It is beneficial for a child to attend a community/heritage language/complementary school to learn the non-English home language(s). Neutral	It is beneficial for a child to attend a community/heritage language/complementary school to learn the non-English home language(s). Agree	It is beneficial for a child to attend a community/heritage language/complementary school to learn the non-English home language(s). Strongly agree
Grandparents' involvement is key to a child's home language development.	Grandparents' involvement is key to a child's home language development. Strongly disagree	Grandparents' involvement is key to a child's home language development. Disagree	Grandparents' involvement is key to a child's home language development. Neutral	Grandparents' involvement is key to a child's home language development. Agree	Grandparents' involvement is key to a child's home language development. Strongly agree

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* 22. On average, how many hours PER WEEK does your child spend on the following activities at home?
(If your child no longer lives with you, please think about the time when she/he did.)

	0	Weekend only	Up to 1 hour everyday	Up to 2 hours everyday	3 or more hours everyday
Watch TV programmes in English	Watch TV programmes in English 0	Watch TV programmes in English Weekend only	Watch TV programmes in English Up to 1 hour everyday	Watch TV programmes in English Up to 2 hours everyday	Watch TV programmes in English 3 or more hours everyday
Watch TV programmes in non-English home language(s)	Watch TV programmes in non-English home language(s) 0	Watch TV programmes in non-English home language(s) Weekend only	Watch TV programmes in non-English home language(s) Up to 1 hour everyday	Watch TV programmes in non-English home language(s) Up to 2 hours everyday	Watch TV programmes in non-English home language(s) 3 or more hours everyday
Play games in English on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet)	Play games in English on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) 0	Play games in English on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) Weekend only	Play games in English on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) Up to 1 hour everyday	Play games in English on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) Up to 2 hours everyday	Play games in English on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) 3 or more hours everyday
Play games in non-English home language(s) on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet)	Play games in non-English home language(s) on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) 0	Play games in non-English home language(s) on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) Weekend only	Play games in non-English home language(s) on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) Up to 1 hour everyday	Play games in non-English home language(s) on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) Up to 2 hours everyday	Play games in non-English home language(s) on electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) 3 or more hours everyday
Watch videos in English on YouTube or other online streaming sites	Watch videos in English on YouTube or other online streaming sites 0	Watch videos in English on YouTube or other online streaming sites Weekend only	Watch videos in English on YouTube or other online streaming sites Up to 1 hour everyday	Watch videos in English on YouTube or other online streaming sites Up to 2 hours everyday	Watch videos in English on YouTube or other online streaming sites 3 or more hours everyday
Watch videos in non-English home language(s) on YouTube or other online streaming sites	Watch videos in non-English home language(s) on YouTube or other online streaming sites 0	Watch videos in non-English home language(s) on YouTube or other online streaming sites Weekend only	Watch videos in non-English home language(s) on YouTube or other online streaming sites Up to 1 hour everyday	Watch videos in non-English home language(s) on YouTube or other online streaming sites Up to 2 hours everyday	Watch videos in non-English home language(s) on YouTube or other online streaming sites 3 or more hours everyday
Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for English literacy practices	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for English literacy practices 0	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for English literacy practices Weekend only	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for English literacy practices Up to 1 hour everyday	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for English literacy practices Up to 2 hours everyday	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for English literacy practices 3 or more hours everyday
Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for non-English home language literacy practices	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for non-English home language literacy practices 0	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for non-English home language literacy practices Weekend only	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for non-English home language literacy practices Up to 1 hour everyday	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for non-English home language literacy practices Up to 2 hours everyday	Use electronic devices (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) for non-English home language literacy practices 3 or more hours everyday

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* 23. How frequently IN A TYPICAL WEEK do the following language activities take place in your family?
(If your child no longer lives with you, please think about the time when she/he did)

	Never	Once a week	2 - 5 times a week	Once a day	More than once daily
You read in English.	You read in English. Never	You read in English. Once a week	You read in English. 2 - 5 times a week	You read in English. Once a day	You read in English. More than once daily
You read in your non-English home language(s).	You read in your non-English home language(s). Never	You read in your non-English home language(s). Once a week	You read in your non-English home language(s). 2 - 5 times a week	You read in your non-English home language(s). Once a day	You read in your non-English home language(s). More than once daily
You read to (or together with) your child in English.	You read to (or together with) your child in English. Never	You read to (or together with) your child in English. Once a week	You read to (or together with) your child in English. 2 - 5 times a week	You read to (or together with) your child in English. Once a day	You read to (or together with) your child in English. More than once daily
You read to (or together with) your child in your non-English home language(s).	You read to (or together with) your child in your non-English home language(s). Never	You read to (or together with) your child in your non-English home language(s). Once a week	You read to (or together with) your child in your non-English home language(s). 2 - 5 times a week	You read to (or together with) your child in your non-English home language(s). Once a day	You read to (or together with) your child in your non-English home language(s). More than once daily
Your child reads by her/himself in English	Your child reads by her/himself in English Never	Your child reads by her/himself in English Once a week	Your child reads by her/himself in English 2 - 5 times a week	Your child reads by her/himself in English Once a day	Your child reads by her/himself in English More than once daily
Your child reads by her/himself in your non-English home language(s).	Your child reads by her/himself in your non-English home language(s). Never	Your child reads by her/himself in your non-English home language(s). Once a week	Your child reads by her/himself in your non-English home language(s). 2 - 5 times a week	Your child reads by her/himself in your non-English home language(s). Once a day	Your child reads by her/himself in your non-English home language(s). More than once daily
Your child attends English tuition outside school.	Your child attends English tuition outside school. Never	Your child attends English tuition outside school. Once a week	Your child attends English tuition outside school. 2 - 5 times a week	Your child attends English tuition outside school. Once a day	Your child attends English tuition outside school. More than once daily
Your child attends tuition to learn your non-English home language(s).	Your child attends tuition to learn your non-English home language(s). Never	Your child attends tuition to learn your non-English home language(s). Once a week	Your child attends tuition to learn your non-English home language(s). 2 - 5 times a week	Your child attends tuition to learn your non-English home language(s). Once a day	Your child attends tuition to learn your non-English home language(s). More than once daily
Your child uses the local library services for English learning.	Your child uses the local library services for English learning. Never	Your child uses the local library services for English learning. Once a week	Your child uses the local library services for English learning. 2 - 5 times a week	Your child uses the local library services for English learning. Once a day	Your child uses the local library services for English learning. More than once daily
Your child uses the local library services for non-English home language(s) learning.	Your child uses the local library services for non-English home language(s) learning. Never	Your child uses the local library services for non-English home language(s) learning. Once a week	Your child uses the local library services for non-English home language(s) learning. 2 - 5 times a week	Your child uses the local library services for non-English home language(s) learning. Once a day	Your child uses the local library services for non-English home language(s) learning. More than once daily
Your child attends religious services to learn/practice your non-English home language(s).	Your child attends religious services to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). Never	Your child attends religious services to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). Once a week	Your child attends religious services to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). 2 - 5 times a week	Your child attends religious services to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). Once a day	Your child attends religious services to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). More than once daily
Your child attends community events to learn/practice your non-English home language(s).	Your child attends community events to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). Never	Your child attends community events to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). Once a week	Your child attends community events to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). 2 - 5 times a week	Your child attends community events to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). Once a day	Your child attends community events to learn/practice your non-English home language(s). More than once daily

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* 24. How many books (including E-books) does your child own?

	0 - 10	11 - 25	26 - 100	101 - 200	> 200
English books	English books 0 - 10	English books 11 - 25	English books 26 - 100	English books 101 - 200	English books > 200
Books in your non-English home language(s)	Books in your non-English home language(s) 0 - 10	Books in your non-English home language(s) 11 - 25	Books in your non-English home language(s) 26 - 100	Books in your non-English home language(s) 101 - 200	Books in your non-English home language(s) > 200
Bi/multilingual books	Bi/multilingual books 0 - 10	Bi/multilingual books 11 - 25	Bi/multilingual books 26 - 100	Bi/multilingual books 101 - 200	Bi/multilingual books > 200

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* 25. How would you describe your child's language attainment?

	Nothing at all	Limited	Average	Good	Excellent
Speaking in English	Speaking in English Nothing at all	Speaking in English Limited	Speaking in English Average	Speaking in English Good	Speaking in English Excellent
Listening in English	Listening in English Nothing at all	Listening in English Limited	Listening in English Average	Listening in English Good	Listening in English Excellent
Reading in English	Reading in English Nothing at all	Reading in English Limited	Reading in English Average	Reading in English Good	Reading in English Excellent
Writing in English	Writing in English Nothing at all	Writing in English Limited	Writing in English Average	Writing in English Good	Writing in English Excellent
Overall speaking in your non-English home language(s)	Overall speaking in your non-English home language(s) Nothing at all	Overall speaking in your non-English home language(s) Limited	Overall speaking in your non-English home language(s) Average	Overall speaking in your non-English home language(s) Good	Overall speaking in your non-English home language(s) Excellent
Overall listening in your non-English home language(s)	Overall listening in your non-English home language(s) Nothing at all	Overall listening in your non-English home language(s) Limited	Overall listening in your non-English home language(s) Average	Overall listening in your non-English home language(s) Good	Overall listening in your non-English home language(s) Excellent
Overall reading in your non-English home language(s)	Overall reading in your non-English home language(s) Nothing at all	Overall reading in your non-English home language(s) Limited	Overall reading in your non-English home language(s) Average	Overall reading in your non-English home language(s) Good	Overall reading in your non-English home language(s) Excellent
Overall writing in your non-English home language(s)	Overall writing in your non-English home language(s) Nothing at all	Overall writing in your non-English home language(s) Limited	Overall writing in your non-English home language(s) Average	Overall writing in your non-English home language(s) Good	Overall writing in your non-English home language(s) Excellent

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* 26. How would you describe the difference between the non-English home language abilities of your 1st child and your 2nd child?

Significantly different in speaking/listening and reading/writing

Mainly different in oral communication

Mainly different in reading and writing

No obvious differences at most of the time

They have the exactly same language abilities

Non-applicable

Other than above (please specify)

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* 27. Your language practices after your child was born

	Please select
My own language practices changed.	My own language practices changed. Please select menu
My mixed use of languages increased.	My mixed use of languages increased. Please select menu
I started to use different languages with different people at home.	I started to use different languages with different people at home. Please select menu
I started to use more English.	I started to use more English. Please select menu
I started to use more of my non-English home language(s).	I started to use more of my non-English home language(s). Please select menu
After my child started nursery or primary school, my own use of English increased.	After my child started nursery or primary school, my own use of English increased. Please select menu
After my child started nursery or primary school, my own use of non-English home language(s) increased.	After my child started nursery or primary school, my own use of non-English home language(s) increased. Please select menu

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* 28. Please list up to three people in your family who influence your child's non-English home language ability the most.

	1st	2nd	3rd
Please select	Please select 1st menu	Please select 2nd menu	Please select 3rd menu

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* 29. Actions you would take for your child's language development (please tick all applicable options)

Hire a bi/multilingual nanny/child-carer

Hire a bi/multilingual nanny/child-carer who speaks at least one of our non-English home languages

Organise frequent visits for my child to stay with relatives in my home country for language purposes

I learn my partner's language

Involve my child's grandparents in child-caring

Maintain virtual contacts with family members overseas through mobile devices

Other (please specify)

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* 30. Your perspective

	Strongly disagree	Disagree	Neutral	Agree	Strongly agree
I'm happy that many people speak other languages than English in Britain.	I'm happy that many people speak other languages than English in Britain. Strongly disagree	I'm happy that many people speak other languages than English in Britain. Disagree	I'm happy that many people speak other languages than English in Britain. Neutral	I'm happy that many people speak other languages than English in Britain. Agree	I'm happy that many people speak other languages than English in Britain. Strongly agree
It is unacceptable for people living in the UK to speak languages other than English.	It is unacceptable for people living in the UK to speak languages other than English. Strongly disagree	It is unacceptable for people living in the UK to speak languages other than English. Disagree	It is unacceptable for people living in the UK to speak languages other than English. Neutral	It is unacceptable for people living in the UK to speak languages other than English. Agree	It is unacceptable for people living in the UK to speak languages other than English. Strongly agree
Generally, I feel comfortable using my non-English home language(s) in public.	Generally, I feel comfortable using my non-English home language(s) in public. Strongly disagree	Generally, I feel comfortable using my non-English home language(s) in public. Disagree	Generally, I feel comfortable using my non-English home language(s) in public. Neutral	Generally, I feel comfortable using my non-English home language(s) in public. Agree	Generally, I feel comfortable using my non-English home language(s) in public. Strongly agree
More governmental support is needed for maintaining home languages for minority groups in Britain.	More governmental support is needed for maintaining home languages for minority groups in Britain. Strongly disagree	More governmental support is needed for maintaining home languages for minority groups in Britain. Disagree	More governmental support is needed for maintaining home languages for minority groups in Britain. Neutral	More governmental support is needed for maintaining home languages for minority groups in Britain. Agree	More governmental support is needed for maintaining home languages for minority groups in Britain. Strongly agree

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* 31. Impact of Brexit

	Strongly disagree	Disagree	Neutral	Agree	Strongly agree
After the Brexit vote, the overall public attitude towards people speaking languages other than English has changed.	After the Brexit vote, the overall public attitude towards people speaking languages other than English has changed. Strongly disagree	After the Brexit vote, the overall public attitude towards people speaking languages other than English has changed. Disagree	After the Brexit vote, the overall public attitude towards people speaking languages other than English has changed. Neutral	After the Brexit vote, the overall public attitude towards people speaking languages other than English has changed. Agree	After the Brexit vote, the overall public attitude towards people speaking languages other than English has changed. Strongly agree
After the Brexit vote, it has become more difficult for children of migrants to learn their non-English home language(s).	After the Brexit vote, it has become more difficult for children of migrants to learn their non-English home language(s). Strongly disagree	After the Brexit vote, it has become more difficult for children of migrants to learn their non-English home language(s). Disagree	After the Brexit vote, it has become more difficult for children of migrants to learn their non-English home language(s). Neutral	After the Brexit vote, it has become more difficult for children of migrants to learn their non-English home language(s). Agree	After the Brexit vote, it has become more difficult for children of migrants to learn their non-English home language(s). Strongly agree
After the Brexit vote, there has been less social support for non-English speaking people.	After the Brexit vote, there has been less social support for non-English speaking people. Strongly disagree	After the Brexit vote, there has been less social support for non-English speaking people. Disagree	After the Brexit vote, there has been less social support for non-English speaking people. Neutral	After the Brexit vote, there has been less social support for non-English speaking people. Agree	After the Brexit vote, there has been less social support for non-English speaking people. Strongly agree
After the Brexit vote, my family has begun to use less of our non-English home language(s) in public.	After the Brexit vote, my family has begun to use less of our non-English home language(s) in public. Strongly disagree	After the Brexit vote, my family has begun to use less of our non-English home language(s) in public. Disagree	After the Brexit vote, my family has begun to use less of our non-English home language(s) in public. Neutral	After the Brexit vote, my family has begun to use less of our non-English home language(s) in public. Agree	After the Brexit vote, my family has begun to use less of our non-English home language(s) in public. Strongly agree

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* 32. This is the end of this questionnaire. Thank you very much for your participation!

Please leave your name and an email address here, if you don't mind being contacted for further involvement in the project (e.g. a short interview).

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* 1. Your age group

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* 2. Your gender

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* 3. Your (first) child's age

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* 4. At what age did your (first) child arrive in the UK?

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* 5. The type of family in which you live now

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* 6. Your role in the family

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* 7. Your length of residence in the UK

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* 8. Your highest educational qualification

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* 9. Your current employment status

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* 10. If you are employed, what is your (main) job?

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* 11. The first part of your UK address postcode (e.g. BA2, WC1A)

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* 12. Your ethnicity

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* 13. Your first language(s)

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* 14. Your religion

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* 15. Your nationality/ies

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* 16. Your country of birth

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* 17. Your partner's first language(s)

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* 18. Languages used in your family

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* 19. What languages do you use at home in the following situations?

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* 20. What languages are used among your family members?

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* 21. What do you think about the following statements?

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* 22. On average, how many hours PER WEEK does your child spend on the following activities at home? (If your child no longer lives with you, please think about the time when she/he did.)

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* 23. How frequently IN A TYPICAL WEEK do the following language activities take place in your family?(If your child no longer lives with you, please think about the time when she/he did)

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* 24. How many books (including E-books) does your child own?

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* 25. How would you describe your child's language attainment?

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* 26. How would you describe the difference between the non-English home language abilities of your 1st child and your 2nd child?

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* 27. Your language practices after your child was born

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* 28. Please list up to three people in your family who influence your child's non-English home language ability the most.

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* 29. Actions you would take for your child's language development (please tick all applicable options)

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* 30. Your perspective

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* 31. Impact of Brexit

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* 32. This is the end of this questionnaire. Thank you very much for your participation!Please leave your name and an email address here, if you don't mind being contacted for further involvement in the project (e.g. a short interview).

* 22. On average, how many hours PER WEEK does your child spend on the following activities at home?
(If your child no longer lives with you, please think about the time when she/he did.)

* 23. How frequently IN A TYPICAL WEEK do the following language activities take place in your family?
(If your child no longer lives with you, please think about the time when she/he did)

* 32. This is the end of this questionnaire. Thank you very much for your participation!

Please leave your name and an email address here, if you don't mind being contacted for further involvement in the project (e.g. a short interview).